The petition sought permission for works to improve access at St Martin’s Church, Brampton, a Grade I listed church and the only church designed by Philip Webb, with stained glass by Burne-Jones and Morris. The proposed works included internal alterations and major external access works involving a ramp and lift at the principal entrance. The Victorian Society objected to the external proposals. The Chancellor accepted that there was a compelling and well-evidenced need to improve access, noting that the steep steps excluded many worshippers, visitors, and community users, and undermined the Church’s mission. However, applying the Duffield framework, he found that the external access proposals would cause a high degree of harm to the Church’s exceptional significance, particularly its unaltered integrity as a unique work by Webb. Although the public benefit of equal access was substantial, the Court concluded that the petitioners had not yet fully explored a potentially less harmful alternative entrance beneath the Paradise Window, partly due to a misunderstanding of rights over the adjoining car park. As serious harm to a Grade I building should be permitted only exceptionally, the external proposals were refused. The internal works, car park resurfacing, and minor ancillary works were approved.